Women Preparing Medications
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Burroughs%2C+Wellcome+%26+Co.">Burroughs, Wellcome & Co.</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+pharmacists"> pharmacists</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+delft+blue"> delft blue</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+pill+tile"> pill tile</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+ceramics"> ceramics</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+reproductions"> reproductions</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+apothecaries+"> apothecaries </a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+unicorns"> unicorns</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=mortar+and+pestle">mortar and pestle</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=women+">women </a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+drug+manufacturing"> drug manufacturing</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=pharmacy+education">pharmacy education</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=animals">animals</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=apothecary+jars">apothecary jars</a>
Promotional 17th century Delft reproduction ceramic pill tile produced by the Burroughs, Wellcome & Co. for their Pharmacy Education Program. The front of the tile depicts two women pharmacists making medicine preparations. There are unicorns in the upper corners of the tile. The following description is glued to the back of the tile on a piece of paper. "Despite the restrictions of 17th century society, women pharmacists boldly joined forces with their male colleagues to expand their functions as medical professionals. Their persistence resulted in the right to practice medicine as well as improved health services. After completing their rigorous training, pharmacists were awarded pill tiles in recognition of their academic achievements and their distinguished status in the community. The women depicted on this handmade pill tile are preparing medications by pounding herbs in a large mortar. The open textbook gives them the precise instructions to follow. This tile from Delft, Holland, is part of a limited edition commissioned by Burroughs, Wellcome & Co. to honor the commitment and service of today's pharmacist. (B-864)"
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Burroughs%2C+Wellcome+%26+Co.">Burroughs, Wellcome & Co.</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=48&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=AIHP+Artifact+Collection">AIHP Artifact Collection</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=40&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=1985">1985</a>
Tiles copyrighted by Burroughs, Wellcome & Co.
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=42&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=jpg">jpg</a>
English
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=51&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=still+image">still image</a>
2021.1.1
Opefer Que Per Orbem Dicor Crest with Tree
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Burroughs%2C+Wellcome+%26+Co.">Burroughs, Wellcome & Co.</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+pharmacists"> pharmacists</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+delft+blue"> delft blue</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+pill+tile"> pill tile</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+ceramics"> ceramics</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+reproductions"> reproductions</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+apothecaries"> apothecaries</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+unicorns"> unicorns</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=coats+of+arms">coats of arms</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+serpents"> serpents</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+bows+%28weapons%29"> bows (weapons)</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+arrows"> arrows</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+Apollo+%28deity%29"> Apollo (deity)</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Python+%28deity%29">Python (deity)</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=animals">animals</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=pharmacy+education">pharmacy education</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=London%2C+England">London, England</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Chelsea+Physic+Garden">Chelsea Physic Garden</a>
Promotional 17th century Delft reproduction ceramic pill tile produced by the Burroughs, Wellcome & Co. for their Pharmacy Education Fund. The front of the tile depicts a blue coat of arms with a man standing on top of a serpent with a bow and arrow in each hand flanked by unicorns. The crest has a tree on the top and the bottom reads "Opifer Que Per Orbem Dicor" which means "I am called the help bringer throughout the world." The following description is glued to the back of the tile on a piece of paper. "A distinctive feature of this tile is the tree at the top which was added to the original design. The tree is said to have represented one of the first cedars imported into England by John Watts in 1684 and planted in the Chelsea Physic Garden. This Garden was maintained in London by the Society of Apothecaries as a place in which to cultivate various medicinal plants. Ownership of the tile enhanced the prestige of the apothecary by distinguishing the owner as one concerned with the management of the Garden. It is interesting to note that the Chelsea Physic Garden is still maintained toady at 66 Royal Hospital Road in London, supported by private funds. This tile is an adaption of one which had been used by a London Apothecary in the 17th Century. The two holes at the top suggest that it was intended primarily to be hung in his shop's window, to attract attention to the fact that he was a member of the distinguished Society of Apothecaries. Compliments of Burroughs, Wellcome & Co. (B-688)"
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Burroughs%2C+Wellcome+%26+Co.">Burroughs, Wellcome & Co.</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=48&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=AIHP+Artifact+Collection">AIHP Artifact Collection</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=40&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=1982">1982</a>
Tiles copyrighted by Burroughs, Wellcome & Co.
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=42&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=jpg">jpg</a>
English
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=51&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=still+image">still image</a>
2021.1.2
Apotheek
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Burroughs%2C+Wellcome+%26+Co.">Burroughs, Wellcome & Co.</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+pharmacists"> pharmacists</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+delft+blue"> delft blue</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+pill+tile"> pill tile</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+ceramics"> ceramics</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+reproductions"> reproductions</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+apothecaries"> apothecaries</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+drug+manufacturing"> drug manufacturing</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=pharmacy+education">pharmacy education</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=mortar+and+pestle">mortar and pestle</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=unicorns">unicorns</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=animals">animals</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=apothecary+jars">apothecary jars</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=pharmacy+licensure">pharmacy licensure</a>
Promotional 17th century Delft reproduction ceramic pill tile produced by the Burroughs, Wellcome & Co. for their Pharmacy Education Fund. The front of the tile depicts the front of an apothecary with the druggist making medicine outdoors in front of the business. The top corners of the tile each have a unicorn depicted. The following description is glued to the back of the tile on a piece of paper, "In recognition… The 17th century marked the beginning of the pharmacist's expanded role in health care. By the end of that century, druggists in England had waged a stormy protest against their restricted duties and had even won the right to practice medicine without a physician's license. To honor pharmacists for their newly-recognized professionalism and dedicated service, pill tiles, used for the preparation of medications, were awarded to those druggists who successfully completed their formal training. This handmade tile from Delft, Holland, depicts a 17th century druggist working outdoors with a large mortar to prevent foul odors from contaminating the inside of his apothecary. This tile is part of a limited edition commissioned by Burroughs, Wellcome & Co. in recognition of today's pharmacy community. (B-775)"
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Burroughs%2C+Wellcome+%26+Co.">Burroughs, Wellcome & Co.</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=48&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=AIHP+Artifact+Collection">AIHP Artifact Collection</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=40&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=1983">1983</a>
Tiles copyrighted by Burroughs, Wellcome & Co.
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=42&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=jpg">jpg</a>
English
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=51&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=still+image">still image</a>
2021.1.3
Community Pharmacist
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Burroughs%2C+Wellcome+%26+Co.">Burroughs, Wellcome & Co.</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+pharmacists"> pharmacists</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+delft+blue"> delft blue</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+pill+tile"> pill tile</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+ceramics"> ceramics</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+reproductions"> reproductions</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+apothecaries+"> apothecaries </a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+unicorns"> unicorns</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=animals">animals</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=pharmacy+education">pharmacy education</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=London%2C+England">London, England</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Great+Plague%2C+London%2C+England%2C+1664-1666">Great Plague, London, England, 1664-1666</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=mortar+and+pestle">mortar and pestle</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=women">women</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=apothecary+jars">apothecary jars</a>
Promotional 17th century Delft reproduction ceramic pill tile produced by the Burroughs, Wellcome & Co. for their Pharmacy Education Fund. The front of the tile depicts a pharmacist looking in a a patients mouth to diagnose their medical condition. There are unicorns depicted in each of the upper corners of the tile. The following description is glued to the back of the tile on a piece of paper. "In 17th century London, the pharmacist played an important role in his community. Besides compounding and dispensing medicines, pharmacists were frequently called upon to diagnose and treat ailments. They became know for their availability at all times—especially during emergencies. During the Great Plague of 1665, for example, many pharmacists remained in their shops, filling in for the physicians who had fled the stricken city. Because of this dependable service, the pharmacy evolved into a sort of medicinal clinic—not unlike today’s emergency rooms. To honor pharmacists for their professionalism and dedicated service, pill tiles, used for the preparation of medications, were awarded to druggists who successfully completed their formal training. This handmade tile from Delft, Holland, depicts a typical scene from the 17th century pharmacy: a pharmacist diagnosing his customer's ailment by examining his tongue. This tile is part of a limited edition commissioned by Burroughs, Wellcome & Co., in recognition of today's pharmacy community. (B-920)"
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Burroughs%2C+Wellcome+%26+Co.">Burroughs, Wellcome & Co.</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=48&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=AIHP+Artifact+Collection">AIHP Artifact Collection</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=40&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=1986">1986</a>
Tiles copyrighted by Burroughs, Wellcome & Co.
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=42&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=jpg">jpg</a>
English
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=51&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=still+image">still image</a>
2021.1.4
Doctrine of the Four Humours
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Burroughs%2C+Wellcome+%26+Co.">Burroughs, Wellcome & Co.</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+pharmacists"> pharmacists</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+delft+blue"> delft blue</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+pill+tile"> pill tile</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+ceramics"> ceramics</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+reproductions"> reproductions</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+apothecaries+"> apothecaries </a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+unicorns"> unicorns</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=uroscopy">uroscopy</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+Four+Humours"> Four Humours</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=pharmacy+education">pharmacy education</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=animals">animals</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=medieval+medicine">medieval medicine</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=women">women</a>
Promotional 17th century Delft reproduction ceramic pill tile produced by the Burroughs, Wellcome & Co. for their Pharmacy Education Fund. The front of the tile depicts a pharmacist sitting in front of a large book looking at a urine specimen with a person standing nearby. There are unicorns depicted in each upper corner of the tile. The following description is glued to the back of the tile on a piece of paper. "Early pharmacists were often consulted about medical problems as frequently as doctors. The urine test or uroscopy, known since antiquity, was used by pharmacists and doctors in the Middle Ages and into the 17th century. Instead of making a house call, a doctor or pharmacist often diagnosed an ailment by examining a delivered urine specimen. From such a specimen, presumably even chastity and lovesickness could be detected. The "Doctrine of the Four Humours," an influential concept in medieval medicine, was based on the relationship between the body's "humours" and the elements: blood = fire, phlegm = earth, black bile = water, yellow bile = air. Properly balanced, the humours maintained health. Sickness resulted when the balance was upset. Urine analysis could help locate disease. Anatomical research ended belief in the humours doctrine, but uroscopy remains a useful tool in medicine and pharmacy. Pill tiles, used to prepare medications, were awarded to pharmacists upon completion of their training and in recognition of their service to the community. This handmade tile, from Delft, Holland, is part of a limited edition commissioned by Burroughs, Wellcome & Co. The scene depicts the value of uroscopy and recognizes the role of the pharmacist, as significant in the past as it is today. B-970."
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Burroughs%2C+Wellcome+%26+Co.">Burroughs, Wellcome & Co.</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=48&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=AIHP+Artifact+Collection">AIHP Artifact Collection</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=40&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=1987">1987</a>
Tiles copyrighted by Burroughs, Wellcome & Co.
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=42&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=jpg">jpg</a>
English
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=51&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=still+image">still image</a>
2021.1.5
The Progress of Pharmacists
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Burroughs%2C++Wellcome+%26+Co.+">Burroughs, Wellcome & Co. </a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+pharmacists"> pharmacists</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+delft+blue"> delft blue</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+pill+tile"> pill tile</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+ceramics"> ceramics</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+reproductions"> reproductions</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+apothecaries"> apothecaries</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+unicorns"> unicorns</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=weights+and+measures+">weights and measures </a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+serpents+"> serpents </a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Four+Humours">Four Humours</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=animals">animals</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=pharmacy+education">pharmacy education</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=pharmaceutical+research">pharmaceutical research</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=women">women</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=children">children</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=apothecary+jars">apothecary jars</a>
Promotional 17th century Delft reproduction ceramic pill tile produced by the Burroughs, Wellcome & Co. for their Pharmacy Education Fund. The front of the tile depicts a pharmacist standing behind their counter using balances while preparing medications for a waiting patron. There are two serpents on top of the shelves holding the drug jars. Two unicorns are depicted in the upper corners of the tile. The following description is glued to the back of the tile on a piece of paper. "The highly developed science of pharmacy has been with us since antiquity. But its rapid development would not have been possible without the tremendous scientific progress that was made in the 17th Century Europe. This was especially true in Holland, where religious freedom was well tolerated. Such an atmosphere provided many of the arts and sciences with fertile ground in which to flourish, and it was during this time that scientific experimentation replaced religious speculation throughout Europe. Thus, Galileo proved that the sun is at the center of the solar system, Newton explained planetary motion in terms of universal gravitation, and von Leeuwenheok invented the microscope. Pharmacists, too, began to make substantial strides in the medical sciences. The great progress pharmacists made in the 1600s is evident in the medicine that was prominently displayed in their apothecaries. The medicine consisted of particular chemicals and minerals, and was used to treat specific diseases. This kind of therapy took the place of traditional herbal remedies and laid the foundation for modern pharmaceutical prescriptions. A severe blow was dealt to the "doctrine of the four humours" as people began to recognize the curative properties of these products, and the fact that medicine acted on targeted ailments. In addition, pharmacists collected and analyzed patient responses and started to explain medical phenomena scientifically. Patient contact thus increased and patient confidence soared with the new successes. Pill tiles were used to prepare medication in apothecary shops; they were awarded to pharmacists upon completion of their formal training and in recognition of their service to the community. In keeping with this fine tradition, Burroughs, Wellcome & Co. commissioned craftsmen in Delft, Holland, to create a series of handmade pill tiles. This tile is part of a limited edition series. (BW-1051)."
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Burroughs%2C+Wellcome+%26+Co.">Burroughs, Wellcome & Co.</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=48&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=AIHP+Artifact+Collection">AIHP Artifact Collection</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=40&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=1988">1988</a>
Tiles copyrighted by Burroughs, Wellcome & Co.
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=42&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=jpg">jpg</a>
English
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=51&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=still+image">still image</a>
2021.1.6
The Herbalist
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Burroughs%2C+Wellcome+%26+Co.">Burroughs, Wellcome & Co.</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+pharmacists"> pharmacists</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+delft+blue"> delft blue</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+pill+tile"> pill tile</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+ceramics"> ceramics</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+reproductions"> reproductions</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+apothecaries"> apothecaries</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+unicorns"> unicorns</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+weights+and+measures"> weights and measures</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=mortar+and+pestle">mortar and pestle</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+drug+manufacturing"> drug manufacturing</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=animals">animals</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=pharmacy+education">pharmacy education</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=herbs">herbs</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=medieval+medicine">medieval medicine</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Renaissance">Renaissance</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=quinine">quinine</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=malaria">malaria</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=chemistry">chemistry</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=botany">botany</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Nuremberg%2C+Germany">Nuremberg, Germany</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=fever">fever</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=women">women</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=apothecary+jars">apothecary jars</a>
Promotional 17th century Delft reproduction ceramic pill tile produced by the Burroughs, Wellcome & Co. for their Pharmacy Education Fund. The front of the tile depicts a druggist measuring ingredients for a preparation. The following description is glued to the back of the tile on a piece of paper. "The Seventeenth Century saw pharmacy's use of medicinal plants evolve from herbalism to botany. In the Middle Ages, information and illustration had been based on previous description, rather than on direct observation. Mythology and magic often crept in, exemplified by simplified motifs or fanciful designs. By the mid 1600's, however, a group of druggists in Nuremburg, Germany, formed an association with physicians to study the plant kingdom. It became their custom to make botanical excursions called "herbations" in fall and spring, and they classified and described any plants they found to have medicinal properties in the Annals of the College of Physicians. These early attempts at the scientific method spread rapidly throughout Europe. "Herballs" were even carried to America by colonists who relied on them to cure their health problems. These early herbals recognized many qualities about plants which are still appreciated today. For example, Culpeper's herbal prescribed the juice of willow leaves for fevers. The chemical in this potion has acquired respectability as salicylic acid, a base for drugs now used for the same purpose. When cinchona first arrived in Europe in the 1630's, Thomas Sydenham viewed the quinine derived from it as the ultimate vindication of herbalism, for it was the first efficient drug to cure a specific disorder (malaria). Many similar observations and experiments of the Herbalists were to contribute a respectable share of the scientific foundation of the coming Renaissance in chemistry, botany, and pharmacy. Pill tiles were used to prepare medications in apothecary shops. They were awarded to pharmacists upon completion of their formal training and in recognition of their service to the community. In keeping with this fine tradition, Burroughs Wellcome has commissioned craftsmen in Delft, Holland, to create a series of handmade porcelain pill tiles. This limited edition is part of our Pharmacy Education Program series. (BW-1139)."
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Burroughs%2C+Wellcome+%26+Co.">Burroughs, Wellcome & Co.</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=48&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=AIHP+Artifact+Collection">AIHP Artifact Collection</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=40&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=1989">1989</a>
Tiles copyrighted by Burroughs, Wellcome & Co.
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=42&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=jpg">jpg</a>
English
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=51&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=still+image">still image</a>
2021.1.7
The Pharmacist's Laboratory
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Burroughs%2C+Wellcome+%26+Co.">Burroughs, Wellcome & Co.</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+pharmacists"> pharmacists</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+delft+blue"> delft blue</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+pill+tile"> pill tile</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+ceramics"> ceramics</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+reproductions"> reproductions</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+apothecaries+"> apothecaries </a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+unicorns"> unicorns</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+drug+manufacturing"> drug manufacturing</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=animals">animals</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=pharmacy+education">pharmacy education</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=coats+of+arms">coats of arms</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=weights+and+measures">weights and measures</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=mortar+and+pestle">mortar and pestle</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=laboratories">laboratories</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=apprentices">apprentices</a>
Promotional 17th century Delft reproduction ceramic pill tile produced by the Burroughs, Wellcome & Co. for their Pharmacy Education Fund. The front of the tile depicts the laboratory of the apothecary where large-scale drug production took place. The top of the tile has two unicorns depicted flanking a small coat of arms. The following description is glued to the back of the tile on a piece of paper. "This scene depicts part of the laboratory of a Dutch pharmacist in the Seventeenth Century, before the large-scale industrialization of pharmaceuticals. The pharmacist's laboratory was usually located in the back of the shop, with the family's living quarters upstairs. The pharmacist was especially proud of the large "beehive" brick oven and of the distillation apparatus for compounding batches of medicaments. Important laboratory equipment included alembic heads of all sizes, ladles and spatulas, barrels and casks, weighing devices, and mortars and pestles. Various "simples," or nncompounded items including mineral elements, roots, leaves, bark, and resin, were stored nearby in chests of drawers awaiting use. The final products were transferred to attractive delft and majolica jars, glass bottles or tightly-sealed metal boxes and put on display for sale in the apothecary shop in front of the laboratory. A typical European pharmaceutical training program in the Seventh Century included six to eight years as an apprentice and two years as a clerk, followed by comprehensive oral, written, and practical exams. As the science of pharmacy grew, an accomplished apothecary's price list might have included as many as 2400 different preparations, including almost 400 chemical compounds. Some of the recipes grew increasingly complex even by today's standards. One notable example was the famous Theriac, which contained more than 52 ingredients at the peak of its popularity. Porcelain pill tiles were used to prepare medications in early apothecary shops. They were awarded to pharmacists upon completion of their formal training and in recognition of their service to the community. In keeping with this fine tradition, Burroughs Wellcome has commissioned craftsmen in Delft, Holland, to create a series of handmade tiles. This limited edition is part of our Pharmacy Education Program series. (BW-1191)."
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Burroughs%2C+Wellcome+%26+Co.">Burroughs, Wellcome & Co.</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=48&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=AIHP+Artifact+Collection">AIHP Artifact Collection</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=40&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=1990">1990</a>
Tiles copyrighted by Burroughs, Wellcome & Co.
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=42&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=jpg">jpg</a>
English
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=51&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=still+image">still image</a>
2021.1.8
Women Pharmacists
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Burroughs%2C+Wellcome+%26+Co.">Burroughs, Wellcome & Co.</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+pharmacists"> pharmacists</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+delft+blue"> delft blue</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+pill+tile"> pill tile</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+ceramics"> ceramics</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+reproductions"> reproductions</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+apothecaries"> apothecaries</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+unicorns"> unicorns</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+herbs"> herbs</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=mortar+and+pestle">mortar and pestle</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=women+">women </a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=animals">animals</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=pharmacy+education">pharmacy education</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=medieval+medicine">medieval medicine</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=pharmacy+licensure">pharmacy licensure</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=apprentices">apprentices</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=plague">plague</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=coats+of+arms">coats of arms</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Ebers+Papyrus">Ebers Papyrus</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Tefnut+%28Egyptian+deity%29">Tefnut (Egyptian deity)</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Cleopatra+%28Queen+of+Egypt%29">Cleopatra (Queen of Egypt)</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Hildegard%2C+Saint%2C+1098-1179">Hildegard, Saint, 1098-1179</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Trotula">Trotula</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=children">children</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=apothecary+jars">apothecary jars</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=epidemics">epidemics</a>
Promotional 17th century Delft reproduction ceramic pill tile produced by the Burroughs, Wellcome & Co. for their Pharmacy Scholarship Program. The front of the tile depicts a woman pharmacist preparing medication for her waiting sick patient. The top of the tile depicts unicorns flanking a small Wellcome coat of arms. The following description is glued to the back of the tile on a piece of paper. "Women have been prominent in pharmacy since earliest history. The Ebers Papyrus from ancient Egypt (c. 1500 B.C.) mentions that the goddess Tefnut compounded medicines for the great god Ra. Cleopatra, Queen of Egypt, wrote several books on cosmetics and perfumes, and as her interest in pharmacy developed, wrote several more volumes containing prescriptions for women's diseases. Bas reliefs from ancient Rome show women pharmacists grinding various ingredients to make into dermatological salves and ointments. In Astia (Italy) a noblewoman named Fabiola cared for the sick, compounded medicaments, and even founded a hospital-in 398 A.D.! From the 5th to the 11th centuries the pharmaceutical tradition in any form all but disappeared from Europe. Isolated monks wrote a few practical works, usually about botanicals. By and large, however, healthcare practitioners relied on sorcery, incantations, astrology and folklore. Then around 1150 the Abess Hildegard of Bingen (German) produced two treatises on health and medications entitled "Physica" and "Causes and Cures," which were the first tentative beginnings of a new systematic pharmaceutical literature. The famous medical school of Salerno was the first anywhere to hire a woman professor, Trotula. She wrote a classic work on women's health which was the first of its kind in Europe to advise physicians, pharmacists and patients alike on facts, not magic. It became a household text. By the 14th century licenses were becoming required to practice medicine and pharmacy, and were theoretically available to anyone who could pass the examinations and obtain the apprenticeships required. However, it wasn't until wave after wave of the plague decimated the population of Europe, reducing social fabric to chaos, that women were suddenly able to fill many positions previously occupied by men. Pharmacy was one of the outstanding ones. The scene on this tile shows a woman pharmacist of the early eighteenth century dispensing medicaments to a mother and her child. Note the sanitary, tidy appearance of the shop and the rows of apothecary jars displayed proudly on the pharmacist's shelves. Porcelain pill tiles were used to prepare medications in early apothecary shops. They were awarded to pharmacists upon completion of their formal training and in recognition of their service to the community. In keeping with this fine tradition, Burroughs Wellcome has commissioned craftsmen in Delft, Holland, to create a series of handmade tiles. This limited edition is part of our Pharmacy Scholarship Program. (BW-Y02896)."
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Burroughs%2C+Wellcome+%26+Co.">Burroughs, Wellcome & Co.</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=48&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=AIHP+Artifact+Collection">AIHP Artifact Collection</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=40&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=1991">1991</a>
Tiles copyrighted by Burroughs, Wellcome & Co.
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=42&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=jpg">jpg</a>
English
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=51&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=still+image">still image</a>
2021.1.9
The Apothecary Shop As A Social Gathering Place
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Burroughs%2C+Wellcome+%26+Co.">Burroughs, Wellcome & Co.</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+pharmacists"> pharmacists</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+delft+blue"> delft blue</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+pill+tile"> pill tile</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+ceramics"> ceramics</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+reproductions"> reproductions</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+apothecaries"> apothecaries</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+unicorns"> unicorns</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=animals">animals</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=pharmacy+education">pharmacy education</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=medieval+medicine">medieval medicine</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=epidemics">epidemics</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=morphine">morphine</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=cholera">cholera</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=plague">plague</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=typhus">typhus</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=diphtheria">diphtheria</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=malaria">malaria</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=smallpox">smallpox</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=vaccines">vaccines</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=edema">edema</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=digitalis">digitalis</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=coats+of+arms">coats of arms</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=women">women</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=children">children</a>
Promotional 17th century Delft reproduction ceramic pill tile produced by the Burroughs, Wellcome & Co. for their Pharmacy Scholarship Program. The front of the tile depicts a group of people having a discussion while standing outside of the apothecary. The top of the tile depicts unicorns flanking a small Wellcome coat of arms. The following description is glued to the back of the tile on a piece of paper. "In the 18th Century in Europe, people often gathered outside their local apothecary shop to discuss the latest events of the day. It was a time of momentous happenings, both on the scale of world events and on the scale of scientific discoveries. Pharmacists were often the most available and sometimes the only representatives of the natural sciences in a community, and willingly disseminated the new scientific knowledge among their fellow citizens. First the American Revolution in 1776, and then the French Revolution in 1789, shook people around the world from an attitude of passive resignation into one of active participation in all levels of thinking. Inventions abounded: the power of steam was harnessed by James Watt in 1750, that of lightning and electricity by Benjamin Franklin in 1752, and that in a battery by Alessandro Volta in the late 1700s. In 1783, the Montgolfier brothers lifted off in their famous balloon, and the following year the first mail was delivered by coach in London. Gaslight was introduced into cities in 1807. In the world of medicine and pharmacy, the old battled the new. Bloodletting, cupping and purging were still respected practices. Healthcare practitioners still administered large, often fatal doses of mercury and arsenic, or the ineffective but durable Theriac, a holdover from medicine in the Middle Ages. Epidemics raged on, including cholera, bubonic plague, typhus, malaria and diphtheria. But new scientific thinking began to lead to real medical progress. Antoine Lavoisier developed the first workable understanding of the respiratory system (although he was beheaded for his efforts!), and Joseph Priestly earned distinction for the discovery of oxygen. William Withering isolated digitalis to cure dropsy in 1785, Edward Jenner stunned the world with his vaccination technique against smallpox in 1798, and Friedrich Seturner proved the merits of morphine. Indeed, suddenly there was a lot for the public to think about and to discuss on street corners. This handcrafted Delft porcelain tile has been commissioned by Burroughs Wellcome to commemorate its ongoing Pharmacy Scholarship Program. The support of pharmacists like yourself has enabled us for many years to aid deserving students in completing their pharmacy education. Thank you for your commitment to the future of pharmacy. (BW-Y03477)."
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Burroughs%2C+Wellcome+%26+Co.">Burroughs, Wellcome & Co.</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=48&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=AIHP+Artifact+Collection">AIHP Artifact Collection</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=40&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=1992">1992</a>
Tiles copyrighted by Burroughs, Wellcome & Co.
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=42&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=jpg">jpg</a>
English
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=51&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=still+image">still image</a>
2021.1.10
Twenty Years of Commitment to Pharmacy Scholarship
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Burroughs%2C+Wellcome+%26+Co.">Burroughs, Wellcome & Co.</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+pharmacists"> pharmacists</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+delft+blue"> delft blue</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+pill+tile"> pill tile</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+ceramics"> ceramics</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+reproductions"> reproductions</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+apothecaries"> apothecaries</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+unicorns"> unicorns</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=weights+and+measures">weights and measures</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=pharmacy+education">pharmacy education</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=apprentices">apprentices</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=animals">animals</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=apothecary+jars">apothecary jars</a>
Promotional 17th century Delft reproduction ceramic pill tile produced by the Burroughs, Wellcome & Co. for their Pharmacy Scholarship Program. The front of the tile depicts the inside of the apothecary showing the jars and drawers holding the medicine ingredients. The top of the tile depicts unicorns flanking a banner that reads "Twenty Years of Commitment to Pharmacy Scholarship." The following description is glued to the back of the tile on a piece of paper. "The social and professional position of the pharmacist in most parts of Europe during the 17th century was highly regarded. Stringent educational requirements were demanded from the pharmacist which progressively became more rigorous. An apprenticeship took a minimum of 5-7 years and evolved into an elaborate progression of examinations. Special training internships and specialized certifications for clinical laboratory analyses as well as "community practice" were required. The guilds limited the number of apprenticeships and sometimes imposed considerable apprentice fees. Other regulations frequently limited the number of apothecary shops in a particular town and imposed a stipulated distance between any two stores. The franchise was often passed on from father to son, and it was not unlikely that pharmacies were in family hands for more than 100 years. The depiction on this tile is a miniature pharmacy from the School of Pharmacology in Deflt, Holland. It is an exact replica from which the pharmacist's apprentice would be tested on his knowledge of various herbal remedies. This tile was especially created and handcrafted in Delft, Holland, in Commemoration of the Twentieth Anniversary of Burroughs, Wellcome & Co. and its commitment to the Pharmacy Scholarship Program. (BW-Y04856)."
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Burroughs%2C+Wellcome+%26+Co.">Burroughs, Wellcome & Co.</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=48&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=AIHP+Artifact+Collection">AIHP Artifact Collection</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=40&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=1993">1993</a>
Tiles copyrighted by Burroughs, Wellcome & Co.
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=42&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=jpg">jpg</a>
English
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=51&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=still+image">still image</a>
2021.1.11
Pharmacy Anno 1730
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Burroughs%2C+Wellcome+%26+Co.">Burroughs, Wellcome & Co.</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+pharmacists"> pharmacists</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+delft+blue"> delft blue</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+pill+tile"> pill tile</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+ceramics"> ceramics</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+reproductions"> reproductions</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+apothecaries"> apothecaries</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+unicorns"> unicorns</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=weights+and+measures">weights and measures</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=mortar+and+pestle">mortar and pestle</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=pharmacy+education">pharmacy education</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=animals">animals</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=medieval+medicine">medieval medicine</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=apothecary+jars">apothecary jars</a>
Promotional 17th century Delft reproduction ceramic pill tile produced by the Burroughs, Wellcome & Co. for their Continuing Pharmacy Education Program. The front of the tile depicts the inside of an apothecary. The top of the tile has two unicorns flanking a banner that reads "Burroughs Wellcome Co." The following description is glued to the back of the tile on a piece of paper. "Over the centuries, pharmacies and pharmacists underwent drastic changes in their appearances. From the Medieval Times, with their small stall-like areas (which were open to the marketplace) that held drugs in boxes, bottles, ceramic containers or bags made of leather ... to the elegance and grandeur of the Renaissance and Baroque periods. The latter were the eras in which the pharmacist took pride in his collection of fine porcelain, glass and detailed ceramic containers. Mortars and pestles of all sizes made of iron, lead, bronze or brass along with fine balances with gold or coin scales were displayed proudly. Special scales for the pharmacist began to be made in the 17th century. The wooden shelves were made from pieces of fine woodwork and carved and gilded by master craftsmen. Later, much of the shelves were replaced by closed cabinets with doors and drawers to hold prepacked packages of herbs and other remedies. (BW-YO6518)."
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Burroughs%2C+Wellcome+%26+Co.">Burroughs, Wellcome & Co.</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=48&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=AIHP+Artifact+Collection">AIHP Artifact Collection</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=40&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=1995">1995</a>
Tiles copyrighted by Burroughs, Wellcome & Co.
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=42&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=jpg">jpg</a>
English
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=51&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=still+image">still image</a>
2021.1.12
Opefer Que Per Orbem Dicor Crest with Rhinoceros
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Burroughs%2C+Wellcome+%26+Co.">Burroughs, Wellcome & Co.</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+pharmacists"> pharmacists</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+delft+blue"> delft blue</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+pill+tile"> pill tile</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+ceramics"> ceramics</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+reproductions"> reproductions</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+apothecaries"> apothecaries</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+rhinoceros"> rhinoceros</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+unicorns"> unicorns</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+coats+of+arms"> coats of arms</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+serpents+"> serpents </a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+bows+%28weapons%29"> bows (weapons)</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+arrows"> arrows</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+Apollo+%28deity%29"> Apollo (deity)</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=animals">animals</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=pharmacy+education">pharmacy education</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=pills">pills</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=London%2C+England">London, England</a>
Promotional 17th century Delft reproduction ceramic pill tile produced by the Burroughs, Wellcome & Co. The front of the tile depicts a blue coat of arms with Apollo standing over a serpent with a bow and arrow in each hand flanked by unicorns in gold. The top of the coat of arms has a blue and gold rhinoceros on it, and the bottom reads "Opifer Que Per Orbem Dicor," which means "I am called the help bringer throughout the world." The following description is glued to the back of the tile on a piece of paper. "In 1617, the Worshipful Society of the Art and Mystery of the Apothecaries was established in London under a Royal Charter granted by Charles II. Membership in the Society was an honor extended only to chemists and druggists with formal training and thus became a symbol of professionalism. To express this pride, tiles such as those used for the "rolling of pills" were emblazoned with the arms of the Society, and displayed by apothecaries in the windows of their shops. In true heraldic style, the arms were officially described as follows: In a shield azure, Apollo, the inventor of physique proper, with his heade Radiant, holdinge in his left hande a bowe and in his Right hande an Arrow dor, supplanting a serpent, Argent, above the Shield and Helme, thereuppon a mantel gules doubled Argent, and for their Creast Upon a Wreath of their Colours, a Rhynoceros, proper, Supported by too Unicorns, or, armed and ungulated Argent, upon a Compartiment to make the Achievement compleat, this motto, OPIFER QUE PER ORBEM DICOR (I am called the help bringer throughout the world). Compliments of Burroughs, Wellcome Co. (B-716)."
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Burroughs%2C+Wellcome+%26+Co.">Burroughs, Wellcome & Co.</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=48&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=AIHP+Artifact+Collection">AIHP Artifact Collection</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=40&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=1982">1982</a>
Tiles copyrighted by Burroughs, Wellcome and Co.
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=42&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=jpg">jpg</a>
English
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=51&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=still+image">still image</a>
2021.2.1
Opefer Que Per Orbem Dicor Crest with Apollo Slaying Python
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Burroughs%2C+Wellcome+%26+Co.">Burroughs, Wellcome & Co.</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+pharmacists"> pharmacists</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+delft+blue"> delft blue</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+pill+tile"> pill tile</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+ceramics"> ceramics</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+reproductions"> reproductions</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+apothecaries"> apothecaries</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+unicorns"> unicorns</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=coats+of+arms">coats of arms</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+serpents+"> serpents </a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+bows+%28weapons%29"> bows (weapons)</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+arrows"> arrows</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=+Apollo+%28deity%29"> Apollo (deity)</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Python+%28deity%29">Python (deity)</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=animals">animals</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=pharmacy+education">pharmacy education</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=London%2C++England">London, England</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Renaissance">Renaissance</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=ointments">ointments</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=pills">pills</a>
Promotional 17th century Delft reproduction ceramic pill tile produced by the Burroughs, Wellcome & Co. for their Continuing Pharmacy Education Program. The front of the tile depicts a coat of arms with Apollo holding a bow standing over a serpent flanked by unicorns. Under Apollo it reads "Opifer Que Per Orbem Dicor," which means "I am called throughout the world the one who brings help." The following description is glued to the back of the tile on a piece of paper. "In 16th and 17th century England, tiles were used for the purpose of mixing ointments and providing an appropriate surface for rolling and rounding pills. This tile depicts Apollo, god of healing, in the process of slaying Python, demon of illness. Featured are twin unicorns, universally recognized as symbols of medicine. Below the shield appear the Latin motto "I am called throughout the world the one who brings help" and the Coat of Arms of the City of London. Although pill tiles were very popular and coveted by every apothecary in Renaissance England, very few were kept. Only a little over 100 are known to be in existence, many of them in the Collection of the Wellcome Museum in London. Compliments of Burroughs, Wellcome & Co. (B-654)."
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Burroughs%2C+Wellcome+%26+Co.">Burroughs, Wellcome & Co.</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=48&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=AIHP+Artifact+Collection">AIHP Artifact Collection</a>
Tiles copyrighted by Burroughs, Wellcome & Co.
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=42&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=jpg">jpg</a>
English
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=51&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=still+image">still image</a>
2021.2.2